Shield - Surveillance Scheme for Occupational Asthma
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Shield is the Midland Thoracic Society's Surveillance Scheme of Occupational Asthma. The scheme, which was set up in January 1989, was established to meet three main objectives. 1) To study the general and specific incidence of occupational asthma within a defined geographic area, 2) To determine proposed mechanisms of asthma, and 3) to determine the employment state of workers at diagnosis. Chest physicians, the Medical Boarding Centre (respiratory disease), and members of the West Midlands Group of the Society of Occupational Medicine implemented the scheme, by reporting each new case using a questionnaire format. The questionnaire covers personal information on the patient, details of the diagnosis, information about their occupational history, and the outcome after diagnosis.
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Shield Notification
The notification system for Shield involves sending a monthly letter to participating members. Any members who have encountered a patient with occupational asthma then fill in a Shield form and post it back. The information on the form is then entered into our database and used to create the yearly reports and to generally further the aims of the Shield project.
This process will soon be mostly electronic and be administered through this website. Monthly emails will be sent to all notifiers who can then download Shield forms and return them through the post. To make this even more convenient we are currently looking for funding for a version of the Shield form that can be filled in online.
View the Shield form. This is in Adobe Acrobat (PDF) format. It should be printed, filled in and posted back to us. Consent should be gained for every patient submitted to Shield. The consent form (PDF) should be printed out and signed. The form contains information to help the patient decide whether they wish to give consent for Shield and refers them to this website for further information.
Shield Reports
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Occupational asthma to predatory mites used for pest control
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Shield 2009, 39 New cases in this Shield report, most common causative agent was Cleaning agents (18%)
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Shield 2008, 36 New cases in this Shield report, most common causative agent was Isocyanates (28%)
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Shield 2007; 33 new cases in this Shield Report, the most common causative agent was isocyanates (36%)
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Shield 2006; 57 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agents were Metal Working Fluid (16%) and Isocyanates (16%).
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Shield 2005; 78 new cases in this Shield report, most common causative agent was Metal Working Fluid (37%).
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Shield 2004; 110 new cases in this Shield report, most common causative agent was Metal Working Fluid (44%).
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Shield 2003; 74 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agent was Isocyanates (28%).
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Shield 2002; 77 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agent was Isocyanates (25%).
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Shield 2001; 72 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agent was Isocyanates (33%).
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Shield 2000; 80 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agent was Isocyanates (19%).
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Shield 1999; 67 new cases in this Shield report, the most common causative agent was Isocyanates (13%)
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View all references / papers from occupational asthma surveillance schemes
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Scottish SHIELD (Surveillance of occupational asthma, bronchitis and rhinitis)
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| This is a Surveillance Scheme to establish the incidence of occupational asthma, bronchitis and rhinitis in Scotland. A pilot study is being undertaken in the first instance in the North East of Scotland (Aberdeen and Inverness) with the intention of rolling the scheme out Scotland wide. |
| http://www.abdn.ac.uk/soldier/shield.shtml |
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SWORD (Surveillance of Work-Related and Occupational Respiratory Disease)
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| The SWORD scheme aims to determine the scale and patterns of work-related respiratory disease in the UK and to identify the agents thought to be responsible along with information on industry and occupation. It does this by storing and analysing reports of occupational respiratory disease from a large number of respiratory physicians. This is a pilot site. |
| http://www.medicine.manchester.ac.uk/oeh/research/workrelatedillhealth/sicknessabsence/thor/schemes/sword/ |
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SENSOR (Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risk)
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| Surveillance of Work-Related Asthma in Selected U.S. States (California, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey) Using Surveillance Guidelines for State Health Departments, 1993-1995.
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| http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss4803a1.htm |